Migration Steps

Delete Files

Yes, that's true. You have to delete some files, because they will be created by Composer in some of the next steps.

You have to delete, public/index.php, public/typo3/ and all the extensions inside public/typo3conf/ext/, you downloaded from TER or any other resources like GitHub. You even have to delete your own extensions, if they are available in a separate Git repository and, for example, included as Git submodule.

Please keep only your sitepackage extension or any other extension, which was explicitly built for your current project and does not have an own Git repository.

Configure Composer

Create a file with name composer.json in your project root, not inside your web root. At the moment, only these few lines are required:

{
    "repositories": [
        {
            "type": "composer",
            "url": "https://composer.typo3.org/"
        }
    ]
}

Note, that you only need to include this Composer repository, if you have to use legacy extensions that are not available on Packagist, but only in TER.

Add All Required Packages to Your Project

You can add all your required packages with the Composer command composer require. The full syntax is:

composer require anyvendorname/anypackagename:version

Example:

composer require typo3/minimal:^9.5

There are different ways to define the version of the package, you want to install. The most common syntaxes start with ^ (e.g. ^9.5) or with ~ (e.g. ~9.5.0). A full documentation can be found at https://getcomposer.org/doc/articles/versions.md

In short:

  • ^9.5 or ^9.5.0 tells Composer to add newest package of version 7.* with at least 9.5.0, but not version 10.
  • ~9.5.0 tells composer to add the newest package of version 9.5.* with at least 9.5.0, but not version 9.6.

You have to decide by yourself, which syntax fits best to your needs.

Install the Core

The Old Way: Add Everything

As already written above, the line to install TYPO3 7 LTS would be:

composer require typo3/cms:~7.6.0

Add only code you need

Since TYPO3 8.7.10 you should only add code you need, thus require individual TYPO3 core extensions instead of the full typo3/cms package, like it was necessary for TYPO3 7.6 or older. It is mandatory to do so for TYPO3 9 LTS. The concept means, you will not copy the full TYPO3 core package, including all system extensions, you will never use. But only install what you really want. You will not be able to install typo3/cms:^9, but have to name each system extension:

composer require typo3/minimal:^9.5
composer require typo3/cms-scheduler:^9.5
composer require ...

Or in one line:

composer require typo3/cms-minimal:^9.5 typo3/cms-scheduler:^9.5 ...

To find the correct package names, you can either take a look in the composer.json of any system extension or follow the naming convention typo3/cms-<extension name with dash "-" instead of underscore "_">, e.g. typo3/cms-fluid-styled-content.

ノート

To find out all TYPO3 Core packages, you can visit the TYPO3 Composer Helper website. https://get.typo3.org/misc/composer/helper From this website, you can select TYPO3 Core Packages you need and generate the composer command to require them.

Install Extensions from Packagist

You already know the TER and always used it to install extensions? Fine. But with Composer, the preferred way is to install extensions directly from packagist.org. This works great, when the maintainer uploaded them to there. Many well known extensions are already available. You only need to known the package name. There are multiple ways to find it:

Notice on Extension's TER Page

Extension maintainers optionally can link their TYPO3 extension in TER with the correct Composer key on packagist.org. Some maintainers already did that and if you search the extension in TER, you will see a message, which command and Composer key you can use to install this extension.

TER composer command

ノート

The command composer req is short for composer require. Both commands exactly do the same and are interchangeable.

Check in TER Satis

If you search the extension in https://composer.typo3.org/satis.html and it's linked to packagist.org, they are marked as "abandoned" and you will see a message, which Composer key should be used to install this extension.

satis abandoned note

See Warning During composer require Command

If you still install one of the abandoned extensions via its typo3-ter package key, you will also see a warning during the composer require command.

composer abandoned note

Check Manually

This is the most exhausting way. But it will work, even if the extension maintainer does not provide additional information.

  1. Search and open the extension, you want to install, in TER.

  2. Click button "Take a look into the code".

    TER screen shot

  3. Open file composer.json.

    file list

  4. Search for line with property "name", it's value should be formatted like vendor/package.

    file content

  5. Check, if the package can be found on packagist.org.

    packagist screen shot

Example: To install the mask extension in version 4.1.*, type:

composer require mask/mask:~4.1.0

Install Extension from TER

If the extension is not available on packagist, the good news is: All TER extensions are available via Composer! That's, why we added https://composer.typo3.org/ as repository to our composer.json some lines above. There are little naming conventions:

  • Vendor name is typo3-ter.
  • Underscores _ are replaced by dash -.

Example:

The extension any_fancy_extension's auto generated Composer package name would be typo3-ter/any-fancy-extension. To add this extension in version 1.2.*, type:

composer require typo3-ter/any-fancy-extension:~1.2.0

You can browse all available extensions and versions via https://composer.typo3.org/satis.html.

ノート

If you do not include any packages this way, you can remove the repository block named https://composer.typo3.org from your composer.json to improve speed.

Install Extension from Version Control System (e.g. GitHub, Gitlab, ...)

In some cases, you will have to install a TYPO3 extension, which is not available on packagist.org or in the TER. Examples could be:

  • non-public extension only used by your company.
  • you forked and modified an existing extension.

As first step, you have to define the repository in your composer.json's "repositories" section. In this example, you find the additional lines added to the composer.json from above:

{
    "repositories": [
        {
            "type": "composer",
            "url": "https://composer.typo3.org/"
        },
        {
            "type": "vcs",
            "url": "https://github.com/foo/bar.git"
        }
    ],
    "extra": {
        "typo3/cms": {
            "cms-package-dir": "{$vendor-dir}/typo3/cms",
            "web-dir": "public"
        }
    }
}

The Git repository must be a TYPO3 extension, with all the required files (e.g. ext_emconf.php) and must contain a valid composer.json itself. How this file should look in your extension, can be found on composer.typo3.org or this blog post from Helmut Hummel. Please note, that Git tags are used as version numbers.

If you fulfill these requirements, you can add your extension in the same way like the other examples:

composer require foo/bar:~1.0.0

Include Individual Extensions like Site Packages

It's not necessary to move your project's site package to a dedicated Git repository to re-include it in your project. You can keep the files in your main project (e.g. public/typo3conf/ext/my_sitepackage). There is only one thing to do; Because TYPO3's autoload feature works differently in Composer based installations, you have to register your PHP class names in Composer. This is very easy when you use PHP namespaces:

"autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
        "VendorName\\MySitepackage\\": "public/typo3conf/ext/my_sitepackage/Classes/",
        "VendorName\\AnyOtherExtension\\": "public/typo3conf/ext/any_other_extension/Classes/"
    }
}

For extension without PHP namespaces, this section has to look a bit differently. You can decide by yourself, if you want to list each PHP file manually or if Composer should search for them inside a folder:

"autoload": {
    "classmap": [
        "public/typo3conf/ext/my_old_extension/pi1/",
        "public/typo3conf/ext/my_old_extension/pi2/class.tx_myoldextension_pi2.php"
    ]
}

To complete our example composer.json, it would look like this:

{
    "repositories": [
        {
            "type": "composer",
            "url": "https://composer.typo3.org/"
        },
        {
            "type": "vcs",
            "url": "https://github.com/foo/bar.git"
        }
    ],
    "extra": {
        "typo3/cms": {
            "cms-package-dir": "{$vendor-dir}/typo3/cms",
            "web-dir": "public"
        }
    },
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "VendorName\\MySitepackage\\": "public/typo3conf/ext/my_sitepackage/Classes/",
            "VendorName\\AnyOtherExtension\\": "public/typo3conf/ext/any_other_extension/Classes/"
        },
        "classmap": [
            "public/typo3conf/ext/my_old_extension/pi1/",
            "public/typo3conf/ext/my_old_extension/pi2/class.tx_myoldextension_pi2.php"
        ]
    }
}

After adding paths to the autoload you should run composer dumpautoload. This command will re-generate the autoload info and should be run anytime you add new paths to the autoload portion in the composer.json.

ノート

If you want to keep your typo3conf/ext directory empty and autoload information only in extensions' composer.json, but not in your project's composer.json, there is an alternative way to include your individual extensions in the chapter completely clear "typo3conf/ext" folder in the Best practices section.